This paper proposes a novel measure of political risk that confirms some the findings documented in Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) literature. Particularly, we confirm positive relationship between stability and its components on FDI inflows, moderating effect natural resources this relationship. The proposed contains relevant, unique incremental information not observed For example, although...

Country risk has recently become a topic of major concern for the international financial community. A critical assessment of country risk is essential because it reflects the ability and willingness of a country to service its financial obligations. Various risk rating agencies employ different methods to determine country risk ratings, combining a range of qualitative and quantitative informa...

Bali island is one of the international tourism destinations providing main income from sector. Pandemic COVID-19 has caused economic disruption to people in due travel restrictions so that travelers can not make visits Bali. The government Indonesia attempted overcome by pandemic launching National Economic Recovery (PEN) program form coral garden development or what known as Coral Reef Garden...

Abstract Using a sample of firms over the 2002–2010 period relative to US, Europe, and Japan, this paper investigates effects control corruption on firms’ efficiency. Our econometric analysis is developed into two main steps. In first step, we rely application Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) estimate firm-level We then regress derived efficiency scores against International Country Risk Guid...

Following the rapid growth in the international debt of less developed countries in the 1970s and the increasing incidence of debt rescheduling in the early 1980s, country risk has become a topic of major concern for the international financial community. A critical assessment of country risk is essential because it reflects the ability and willingness of a country to service its financial obli...

Corruption, Shadow Economy and Income Inequality: Evidence from Asia A number of recent studies for Latin America show that as the size of the informal economy grows, corruption is less harmful to inequality. We investigate if this relationship is equally compelling for developing countries in Asia where corruption, inequality and shadow economies are considerably large. We use Panel Least Squa...